Hamilton: a "Community of Communities"
Hamilton lies at the extreme western end of Lake Ontario
During its early growth, Hamilton was overshadowed by nearby Dundas, but the opening of the Burlington Canal (1830), linking Hamilton Harbour to Lake Ontario, led to its rapid development as an important port and rail centre. In 2001 Hamilton absorbed several surrounding communities that since 1974 had been part of the regional municipality of Hamilton-Wentworth, which greatly increased the area and population of the city.
Hamilton is now one of Canada’s leading industrial centres. Its iron and steel industry, which began in the mid 19th century, has grown to become Canada’s largest, accounting for a major part of the national steel output. Other industries include the manufacture of railroad equipment, clothing, appliances, turbines, automotive parts, wire, nails, and candy. Health care, local government and education are also important to the economy. The city is also a financial hub and the centre of an extensive fruit-growing district; it is the site of one of Canada’s largest open-air markets.
Hamilton is well served with rail and freeway connections to Toronto (35 miles [55 km] northeast) and Buffalo, New York, U.S. (55 miles [88 km] southeast). Its excellent harbour, 12 square miles (31 square km) in area, is protected from Lake Ontario by a sandbar 4 miles (6 km) long. Cargoes include coal, grain, steel, and petroleum products.
Other items of note:
- McMaster University (founded in Toronto in 1887 and moved to Hamilton in 1930), noted for nuclear research, is located here.
- Hamilton Place (1973) is an impressive performing arts centre.
- The Canadian Football Hall of Fame and Museum is in City Hall Plaza.
- Dundurn Castle (1835; a 72-room mansion built for politician Sir Allan Napier MacNab).
- The Royal Botanical Gardens (1941).
- Stoney Creek Battlefield Monument, the site of a decisive battle of the War of 1812.
- The Art Gallery of Hamilton is one of Canada’s largest and finest collections of Canadian art.
- African Lion Safari houses some 1,000 animals roaming freely throughout a park setting.
- The Museum of Steam and Technology preserves the city’s industrial heritage.
- TheCanadian Warplane Heritage Museum displays military aircraft from World War II to the present.
Facts:
Incorporated as a village, 1816; as a town, 1833; as a city, 1846.
Area 431 square miles (1,117 square km).
Population (2006) city, 504,559; Metropolitan area, 647,634
